Психротолерантные бактерии-деструкторы бензойной кислоты из антропогенно загрязненной почвы Антарктиды

Из антропогенно загрязненной почвы Антарктиды выделено шесть штаммов бактерий-деструкторов бензойной кислоты (БК). Изоляты, помимо способности использовать БК в качестве единственного источника углерода и энергии, способны к росту на других ароматических субстратах (нафталине, бифениле, орто-фталате). По результатам анализа гена 16S рРНК штаммы были идентифицированы как представители класса Actinomycetes (роды Arthrobacter, Cryobacterium, Paeniglutamicibacter, Pseudarthrobacter и Rhodococcus). Исследуемые бактерии, кроме Rhodococcus sp. LB2, способны к эффективному росту на БК в качестве субстрата при 10 °С, а штаммы Paeniglutamicibacter sp. PBA4 и Cryobacterium sp. LBA9 – и при более низких температурах (4 °С). У штаммов выявлены benA-гены, кодирующие α-субъединицу бензоат 1,2-диоксигеназы – ключевого фермента разложения БК. Нуклеотидные последовательности benA-генов исследуемых штаммов имеют наибольшее сходство (на уровне 81.7–100 %) с гомологичными последовательностями бактерий-деструкторов класса Actinomycetes, выявленными в экстремальных местообитаниях. Выделенные бактерии-деструкторы перспективны для восстановления загрязненных местообитаний c холодным климатом.

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