Применение биочара при компостировании

В обзорной статье рассмотрен актуальный и быстро развивающийся подход к управлению органическими отходами – использование биочара в качестве добавки при компостировании. Биочар, получаемый в результате пиролиза органического сырья, обладает высокопористой структурой, большой удельной поверхностью и емкостью катионного обмена. Эти свойства делают его эффективным компонентом для улучшения структурных характеристик компостной массы, а также стабилизации физико-химических параметров в процессе компостирования. Проведен детальный анализ влияния биочара на ключевые параметры компостов: температуру, влажность, аэрацию, рН, соотношение C/N, а также на содержание токсикантов, антибиотиков, структуру микробных сообществ компостов и присутствие в них патогенных видов. Особое внимание уделено влиянию биочара на гены устойчивости к антибиотикам у микроорганизмов компоста, в частности потенциальным механизмам, приводящим к снижению количества таких генов в присутствии биочара.

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