Диатомовые микроводоросли как продуценты фукоксантина и полиненасыщенных жирных кислот

В обзорной статье представлен анализ современных литературных данных по диатомовым микроводорослям с целью оценки их потенциала как продуцентов биологически ценных веществ, таких как фукоксантин и полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты (ПНЖК). Приведено общее описание биохимических, физиологических, генетических особенностей диатомовых водорослей, которые обеспечивают их потенциал для использования в биотехнологических производствах. Представлена общая характеристика фукоксантина и ПНЖК, а также их терапевтические и профилактические свойства, способствующие устойчивому росту спроса на эти ценные биоресурсы. Проанализировано содержание фукоксантина и ПНЖК и продуктивность у различных видов микроводорослей. Представлен обзор диатомовой водоросли Phaeodactylum tricornutum как перспективного объекта для коммерческого производства фукоксантина и жирных кислот, в частности, общая характеристика вида, современные методы его выращивания и перспективы его генетической модификации. Проанализировано влияние условий культивирования на накопление фукоксантина и ПНЖК у P. tricornutum, а также рассмотрены некоторые аспекты переработки биомассы, в том числе процессы сбора урожая и экстракции биологически ценных веществ. Оценены перспективы комплексной переработки биомассы для повышения эффективности биотехнологических производств.

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