uzakuescУченые записки Казанского университета. Серия Естественные наукиUchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Estestvennye Nauki2542-064X2500-218XKazan (Volga Region) Federal University10.26907/2542-064X.2026.1.139-160uzakuesc-499Research ArticleСтатьиВыделение, идентификация и оценка полезных свойств микроорганизмов из Orostachys spinosa (L.) лесной зоны ПрибайкальяIsolation, identification, and evaluation of useful properties of microorganisms from Orostachys spinosa (L.) of the Baikal forest zonehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8697-9616СухановА. Ю.SukhanovA. Y.

Артемий Юрьевич Суханов - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-генетических и микробиологических методов.

Казань

Artemiy Y. Sukhanov - Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiological Methods.

Kazan

a.sukhanov@knc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6751-436XФроловМ.FrolovM.

Михаил Фролов - лаборант-исследователь лаборатории молекулярно-генетических и микробиологических методов.

Казань

Mikhail Frolov - Laboratory Research Assistant, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiological Methods.

Kazan

m.frolov@knc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-0516-1716НекрасовИ. В.NekrasovI. V.

Илья Владимирович Некрасов - лаборант-исследователь лаборатории молекулярно-генетических и микробиологических методов.

Казань

Ilya V. Nekrasov - Laboratory Research Assistant, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiological Methods.

Kazan

i.nekrasov@knc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-3004-6444ЛожкаревТ. А.LozhkarevT. A.

Трофим Андреевич Ложкарев - лаборант-исследователь лаборатории молекулярно-генетических и микробиологических методов.

Казань

Trofim A. Lozhkarev - Laboratory Research Assistant, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiological Methods.

Kazan

t.lozhkarev@knc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-409XВалидовШ. З.ValidovS. Z.

Шамиль Завдатович Валидов - PhD в биологии, заведующий лабораторией молекулярно-генетических и микробиологических методов.

Казань

Shamil Z. Validov - PhD in Biology, Head of Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiological Methods.

Kazan

sh.validov@knc.ruКазанский научный центр Российской академии наукРоссияKazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2026010320261681139160Copyright © Суханов А.Ю., Фролов М., Некрасов И.В., Ложкарев Т.А., Валидов Ш.З., 20262026Суханов А.Ю., Фролов М., Некрасов И.В., Ложкарев Т.А., Валидов Ш.З.Sukhanov A.Y., Frolov M., Nekrasov I.V., Lozhkarev T.A., Validov S.Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://uzakuesc.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/499

В ходе работы идентифицированы и изучены бактериальные изоляты из ризосферы растения Orostachys spinosa (L.), произрастающего в Прибайкалье. Получено 16 штаммов с различными морфотипами, определена родовая принадлежность исследуемых изолятов методом секвенирования 16S рибосомальной РНК. Для большинства штаммов, относящихся к роду Bacillus, подтверждена антагонистическая активность. Наиболее выраженный антагонизм демонстрируют штаммы 117B1–117B5, 117BA и 117BE, что позволяет предположить их возможное использование в качестве агентов биологической защиты растений от грибных фитопатогенов. Способность синтезировать бактериальные ауксины выражена у всех изученных штаммов, но находится на сравнительно низком уровне. Для 14 из 16 штаммов показана способность фиксировать атмосферный азот в аэробных условиях. У 11 штаммов выявлена способность мобилизовать фосфор из кальциевой соли фитиновой кислоты. Наиболее активными в мобилизации фосфора являются представители рода Pseudomonas, в частности штаммы 117B7, 117B9, 117BB и 117BD. Представители рода Bacillus (штаммы 117В1, 117B3, 117B4, 117B5, 117B8 и 117BE) проявляют выраженную целлюлазную активность, причем максимальную способность к деградации целлюлозы демонстрирует штамм Bacillus sp. 117BA. На основе полученных данных штаммы Bacillus sp. 117BA и 117BE, Pseudomonas sp. 117BB и 117BD определены как перспективные для разработки новых биопрепаратов.

Bacterial isolates from the samples of Orostachys spinosa (L.) growing in the Baikal region were identified and studied. A total of 16 strains with different morphotypes were obtained, and their generic affiliation was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. The antagonistic activity was confirmed for most strains belonging to the genus Bacillus. The most pronounced antagonism was exhibited by the strains 117B1–117B5, 117BA, and 117BE, which suggests their possible use as biological control agents against fungal phytopathogens. The ability to synthesize bacterial auxins was expressed in all the studied strains, but at a comparatively low level. The ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen under aerobic conditions was revealed in 14 of the 16 strains. The ability to mobilize phosphorus from calcium salt of phytic acid was found in 11 strains. The highest phosphorus mobilizing activity was observed in representatives of the genus Pseudomonas, particularly in the strains 117B7, 117B9, 117BB, and 117BD. Representatives of the genus Bacillus (the strains 117B1, 117B3, 117B4, 117B5, 117B8, and 117BE) had strong cellulase activity. The greatest ability to degrade cellulose was demonstrated by the strain Bacillus sp. 117BA. The findings indicate that the strains Bacillus sp. 117BA and 117BE and Pseudomonas sp. 117BB and 117BD are promising candidates for the development of new biopreparations.

растительный микробиомбиопрепаратантагонизм к фитопатогенамферментативная активностьзащита растенийplant microbiomebiopreparationphytopathogen antagonismenzymatic activitiesplant protectionВыражаем благодарность Айрату Рашитовичу Каюмову, доктору биологических наук, заведующему кафедрой генетики Казанского (Приволжского) федерального университета, за помощь в сборе образцов <i>Orostachys spinosa</i> (L.)Airat Rashitovich Kayumov (Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of Department of Genetics, Kazan Federal University) is gratefully acknowledged for his assistance with collecting the <i>Orostachys spinosa</i> (L.) samplesReferencesTan Z.X., Lal R., Wiebe K.D. Global soil nutrient depletion and yield reduction // J. Sustainable Agric. 2005. V. 26, No 1. P. 123–146. https://doi.org/10.1300/J064v26n01_10.Tan Z.X., Lal R., Wiebe K.D. Global soil nutrient depletion and yield reduction. J. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.