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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzakuesc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Казанского университета. Серия Естественные науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Estestvennye Nauki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-064X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-218X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/2542-064X.2026.1.91-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzakuesc-496</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-биологические маркеры окислительного стресса и апоптоза при воздействии низких концентраций бисфенола А на клетки линии HepG2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular biomarkers of oxidative stress and apoptosis in HepG2 cells exposed to low concentrations of Bisphenol A</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8102-4463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баковецкая</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakovetskaya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Викторовна Баковецкая - доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой биологии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Bakovetskaya - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of Department of Biology.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bakov.olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-0967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абаленихина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abalenikhina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Абаленихина - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры биологической химии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Abalenikhina - Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Department of Biochemistry.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abalenihina88@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7155-447X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поминчук</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pominchuk</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Александровна Поминчук - кандидат биологических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры биологии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Pominchuk - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Lecturer, Department of Biology.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulok62@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8531-3275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Сергеевна Балашова - старший лаборант кафедры биологии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana S. Balashova - Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Biology.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sbalashova123@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-5918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терехина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terehina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Терехина - кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биологии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Terehina - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Biology.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">terexina.ania1986@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>168</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баковецкая О.В., Абаленихина Ю.В., Поминчук Ю.А., Балашова С.С., Терехина А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баковецкая О.В., Абаленихина Ю.В., Поминчук Ю.А., Балашова С.С., Терехина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakovetskaya O.V., Abalenikhina Y.V., Pominchuk Y.A., Balashova S.S., Terehina A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://uzakuesc.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/496">https://uzakuesc.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/496</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведена оценка биологических эффектов малых концентраций бисфенола А в эксперименте in vitro на клетках линии НеpG2. Одним из механизмов влияния бисфенола А на организм является индукция окислительного стресса. Проанализировано воздействие 0.10, 0.25, 0.50 и 1.0 мкМ бисфенола А на клетки линии НеpG2 при экспозициях 48 и 72 ч, в качестве параметров которого рассмотрены выживаемость клеток (МТТ-тест), степень выраженности окислительного стресса по данным о содержании белковых и небелковых SH-групп, карбонильных производных белков, а также транскрипционного NRF2 и антиапоптического BCL-2 факторов. Уровень NRF2 и BCL-2 не изменяется при 48-часовом воздействии бисфенола А на клетки и возрастает при инкубации в течение 72 ч. Это повышение обусловливает рост концентрации тиоловых групп и поддерживает стабильный уровень карбонильных производных белков, что способствует формированию молекулярного механизма защиты клеток от воздействия ксенобиотика. В результате действия этих факторов малые концентрации бисфенола А не оказывают выраженного действия на выживаемость клеточной линии HepG2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The biological effects of low concentrations of Bisphenol A, a known inducer of oxidative stress, were evaluated in an in vitro experiment using НеpG2 cells. With this aim, НеpG2 cells were exposed to 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 μM Bisphenol  A for 48 and 72 h and then studied for their viability (via MTT assay) and oxidative stress based on the content of protein and non-protein SH groups, the protein carbonyl content, and the expression of the transcription factor NRF2 and the antiapoptotic protein BCL-2. The levels of NRF2 and BCL-2 remained unchanged after 48 h of exposure but increased following 72 h of incubation. This increase was accompanied by a rise in the concentration of thiol groups and the stabilization of the protein carbonyl content, suggesting the formation of a molecular mechanism protecting НеpG2 cells from the xenobiotic action. The findings demonstrate that low concentrations of Bisphenol A have no pronounced effect on the viability of НеpG2 cell line.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бисфенол А</kwd><kwd>клеточная линия НеpG2</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>жизнеспособность клеток</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bisphenol A</kwd><kwd>HepG2 cell line</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>cell viability</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma M., Sharma R., Gupta P., Srivastava S. 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